Laboratory electrical engineering design laboratory strong and weak current design
Planning, as its name implies, is a relatively comprehensive and long-term plan. It is the thinking and consideration of the future integrity, long-term and basic issues, and the design of a complete set of future action plans. Before the construction of the laboratory, many contents should be planned in advance. No matter whether it is a new construction, expansion or reconstruction project, the planning and design of the laboratory is no longer just to purchase reasonable laboratory furniture and equipment, but also to comprehensively consider the overall planning, reasonable layout and plane design of the laboratory, strong and weak electricity, gas supply, ventilation, air conditioning, environmental protection, air purification, safety measures, water supply and drainage and other infrastructure and basic conditions. As this is a systematic project involving many disciplines, it needs to be proficient in laboratory use knowledge and architectural knowledge as the basis. In the design of various systems in the laboratory, electrical design is a design directly related to the safety of the laboratory, and it is also the focus of attention in the design.
Do related science popularization on the electrical engineering system planning of the laboratory. Electrical design is a discipline with strong logic relationship, which requires the designer to calculate the current of each circuit in the laboratory. Make relevant judgment and arrangement according to relevant information such as the current loaded by the circuit and the type of load. The electrical engineering design of laboratory includes strong and weak electricity. The strong current mainly includes instrument power and lighting socket, while the weak current includes network, data communication, broadcasting, video monitoring, etc.
When designing the laboratory scheme, the designer will communicate with the owner in advance. In terms of strong electricity, the designer will calculate the power of strong electricity according to the functions of the laboratory and the total power of lighting, instruments and equipment required by the owner, combined with the air conditioning system configured in the laboratory, and carry out the strong electricity design. They will make statistics level by level according to functional rooms, floors and the whole building. Each instrument room is provided with a room terminal distribution box, and the main instruments need to leave a separate circuit, which cannot be connected in series with room lighting or other sockets. This is mainly to facilitate the use and maintenance of instruments and equipment. The floor distribution box shall be placed in the special distribution room, with door locks, and shall be managed by special personnel. The laboratory is equipped with UPS (uninterruptible power supply) to provide protection for the main equipment of the laboratory. Determine the power and current parameters of uninterruptible power supply according to the power consumption parameters of laboratory equipment. It should be noted that the selection of uninterruptible power supply should reserve sufficient space for the development of the laboratory, consider the possibility of adding instruments and equipment in the laboratory in the future and the parameters of the planned instruments, and then fully reserve the power distribution load. The electrical plug can be designed on the wall or the ground according to the needs. The ground electrical plug should be waterproof to a certain extent. The electrical plug should be close to the power supply instrument to reduce the ground wiring and make the laboratory cleaner. Due to the large heat dissipation and noise caused by the uninterruptible power supply, an independent power supply room was set at the rear of the laboratory and a special air conditioner was installed in the room. Weak current: in view of the development requirements of modern laboratories and the development trend of science and technology, it is suggested to design multiple network communication ports and at least one telephone interface in the main rooms; In the planning and design stage of the laboratory, it is necessary to design cameras in the main channels for the management and monitoring of the laboratory. If conditions permit, each room can be designed and even the important precision instrument room can be strengthened with camera monitoring.
1. Chinese voltage standard, AC three-phase five wire power supply 380V, 50Hz, (red a, green B, yellow C, black 0, double color protective ground). AC single-phase three wire power supply 220V, 50Hz, (red fire, black 0, two-color protective ground).
2. The electrical equipment of the laboratory shall be designed reasonably, and copper core BVR and bv shall be used for the wiring. The wire diameter and switch size shall be calculated according to the power consumption capacity.
3. The electric appliance with large load shall be provided with a separate circuit, and the corresponding automatic protection switch shall be designed.
4. For power supply of precious instruments and precision instruments, AC voltage stabilizing device or isolation power supply shall be designed to ensure safe and reliable operation of instruments.
5. All sockets and electrical enclosures shall be well grounded to ensure personal safety.
6. Reasonably design air conditioning and lighting. The electric heating device is designed reasonably to achieve the purpose of safe and reliable use.
In conclusion, the power supply system design of the laboratory should be carried out in combination with the planning and design of the laboratory and the development trend of modern experimental technology and institution construction. There are many details, and experienced designers will fully grasp them in the whole process control process.
For laboratory decoration design, the work in electrical engineering can be summarized as strong current design and weak current design. Among them, the former includes instrument power, lighting socket, etc. The latter includes network, data communication, broadcasting, video monitoring, etc.
Electrical engineering of laboratory decoration design_ General contractor of laboratory decoration design and construction (laboratory service integrator)
1、 Strong current design of laboratory Electrical Engineering
In terms of the strong current design in the laboratory decoration design, the general policy is to summarize according to the equipment power first, and then make statistics according to each functional room, floor and the whole building, which will be analyzed in detail below.
Each functional room of the laboratory shall be equipped with a separate terminal distribution box. For important equipment, it shall not be connected in series with other sockets, but a separate circuit shall be reserved for later use and maintenance. In addition, it should be noted that the distribution box on the floor should be set in the special distribution room and supervised by special personnel.
The laboratory must be equipped with uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to better protect the equipment, but the current parameters and uninterruptible power supply power shall be determined according to the power consumption parameters of the equipment. In addition, it is suggested to consider the future development direction of the laboratory first, so as to reserve space for later changes. In this way, when new equipment is added in the later stage, the parameters can be timely planned, and then the distribution load can be fully reserved.
According to the needs of the laboratory, the power socket shall be installed on the wall or ground. If it is installed on the ground, the socket must be waterproof. In order to reduce the ground wiring, the socket should be located close to the power supply equipment. If conditions permit, an independent power supply room can be set up, and the room is equipped with a special air conditioner. After all, the uninterruptible power supply has a lot of heat dissipation and noise.
2、 Weak current design of laboratory Electrical Engineering
In terms of weak current design in laboratory decoration design, in addition to meeting the development needs of modernization, it should also meet the development trend of science and technology. After all, we are in the Internet age, and it is very important to do a good job in this area.
Multiple network communication ports and at least one telephone interface shall be provided in the main room of the laboratory. Cameras shall also be provided at the main passageway of the laboratory for management and monitoring. If conditions permit, cameras can be equipped in important rooms.
3、 Common specifications for laboratory Electrical Engineering
1. The power consumption of the laboratory mainly includes lighting power and power power. Power power is mainly used for power supply of various large-scale instruments and equipment, elevators, air conditioners, etc.
2. Power supply: point of use: where electric sockets need to be installed, such as side table, central table and fume hood (the fume hood must also reserve the power supply of the fan). Specification: in the absence of special requirements, the power line reserved at the point of use is generally 220V and 10A; However, if large-scale instruments such as gas chromatography need three-phase power or two-phase power with large current, some experimental platforms shall be reserved according to the user's experimental power consumption; The fan power supply of the fume hood usually adopts the three-phase five wire system power line. If there are many electric instruments used on a group of test benches, the power supply reserved points shall be increased or the power consumption specifications of the power line shall be increased accordingly.
3. Electrical accessories: the selection range of laboratory power sockets is 10a, 13a, 16a and 20A; At the same time, leakage protection switch and overload protection switch shall be configured. The position of the power socket shall be far away from the water basin, gas, hydrogen and other nozzle ports, and shall not affect the placement and operation position of the test bench instrument The trunking is multi-functional steel trunking (mainly used on the reagent rack) and PVC trunking, equipped with universal sockets (mainly used on the side table and the central table).
4. The general gas phase chamber is configured with helium (he) and nitrogen (N2); The GC-MS room is equipped with nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen. The connecting pipe fittings on the hydrogen pipeline shall be welded after connection, and there is no possibility of leakage. All pipelines shall be subject to air tightness inspection after installation, and oil shall be removed before use. As the pipes are small and the pipe spacing is small, the installation process can be adjusted according to the site conditions to ensure that the spacing is not less than 45mm.
5. Location requirements: when used on the side platform, it shall be reserved at the position close to the wall, and the center point shall not be more than 80mm away from the wall; When the central platform is used, it shall be reserved at an appropriate position on the center line of the experimental platform, and the relative center line error shall not exceed 50mm; The power supply of the fume hood shall be reserved at the place behind the wall. The center point shall not be more than 80mm away from the wall. The length of the reserved power line shall not be less than 500mm.
6. The latest concept of the laboratory is to treat the whole laboratory as an exhaust cabinet. How to effectively control the intake and exhaust, to achieve both safe and economic effect is very important. The most economical and effective method is to set up local exhaust equipment for the experiments that cause pollution sources. This kind of equipment mainly includes: fume hood, atomic absorption hood, universal exhaust hood, ceiling exhaust hood, platform exhaust hood, etc. The most commonly used is the fume hood.
7. The laboratory gas of the special gas distribution system mainly includes: non combustible gas (nitrogen, carbon dioxide), inert gas (argon, helium, etc.), flammable gas (hydrogen, carbon monoxide); Highly toxic gases (fluorine and chlorine); Combustion supporting gas (oxygen), etc. Among the above gases, except non combustible gas and inert gas, other gases shall not enter the laboratory, but can be connected to each laboratory through the gas transmission pipe.
8. When the gas cylinder is installed in the cabinet, it is prohibited to install two kinds of flammable gases in the same cabinet; Two kinds of inert gas or non combustible gas can be in the same cabinet, and the harmful gas can be discharged from the system.
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